MARIANI’S

Virtual Gourmet


  January 26,  2020                                                                                            NEWSLETTER



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"Woman in a Café" by Jean-Louis Forain (circa 1900)

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IN THIS ISSUE
PAVIA
By John Mariani

NEW YORK CORNER
HUTONG

By John Mariani


NOTES FROM THE WINE CELLAR
RIOJA ALAVESA

By Patricia Savoie

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PAVIA, LOMBARDY
By John Mariani


THE CERTOSA
Photo by John Mariani
 

    When asked what my favorite part of Italy is, I answer, “I’ll let you know when I’ve seen them all.” Which I hope will take a lifetime. Meanwhile, last autumn, I was delighted to visit Pavia, new to me, in the province of the same name, south of Milan, and also its capital city.
    Today the once-walled Pavia is a quiet city of cobbled streets with a small 19th century ocher-colored train station on the Piazza Garibaldi adjacent to the narrow, pleasant Fiume Ticino river flanked by the long, broad avenues of Viale Lungo Ticino (with its open market) and Viale Via Milazzo, so it is a fine town for walking and its attractions are easily covered in two days.
    It began as a Roman settlement called Ticinum in 220 BC. From 572 to 774 Pavia was the capital of the Kingdom of the Lombards, whose religious piety effected the construction of many churches and monasteries throughout what came to be called Lombardy. You can get a strong sense of such a medieval monastery by visiting the Hermitage of Saint Albert, who built this aerie in 1030 for his followers atop a misty mountain.  Its simplicity of size and design seems at first severe, but inside are a remarkable number of highly colored, anonymously painted frescoes (left), dating to 1484. Although abandoned in the 19th century, it became the cloister of the Hermits of Divine Providence in 1921, a few of whom live, work and pray there to this day.
    The Lombards’ most famous church, within the city of Pavia, is San Pietro in Ciel d’Oro (“Saint Peter in the Sky of Gold”), built by King Liutbrand, whose foot served for the length of the builders’ unit measure. It is also where Boethius, author of the influential Consolation of  Philosophy, and St. Augustine are buried. Little of the original church from the eighth century is extant, and its reconfigurations over centuries maintain only its Romanesque façade and the gold mosaic in the cupola (right), though all else is quite changed.
    As with the entire history of Italy, Pavia was fought over and occupied several times. After the Battle of Pavia in 1525, Spain controlled the city for two hundred years, then Austria, then Napoleon, then Austria again, until Italy was unified in 1860 and threw out the foreigners.
    The most eminent of the city’s structures is the Castello Visconti, a private home of Galeazzo Il Visconti in the 14th century and famous for its thousand-volume library (now lost, though digitally reconstructed from books located elsewhere).  It is now a civic museum, with excellent works by Gentile da Fabriano, Ambrogio and Giambono. The most prized work is a Portrait of a Man, assumed to be its author, Antonello da Messina.
     The battle of Pavia was fought in the former gardens of the castello, and remnants of its medieval walls are amplified by a series of impressively tall De Chirico-like red brick towers. There were once a hundred towers in Pavia, but few remain, like those in Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, Via Luigi Porta and Piazza of Collegio Borromeo.
    Pavia’s Duomo (below) dates back to the height of the Renaissance, but its cupola—the third largest in Italy—was not added until 1884. As with all Italian cities, churches abound in Pavia. Santa Maria del Carmine is a fine, brickwork Gothic church, and Santa Maria di Canepanova is distinguished for its octagonal design by the great Bramante, who’d planned the layout of St. Peter’s in Rome.

     One of the loveliest structures is the University of Pavia (left), founded in 1222, though there has been a school of rhetoric in the city as of 825. From the 15th to 19th centuries twelve pillared courtyards were added, so styles of architecture came to include baroque and neoclassic. Four were once cloisters, and the premises enclose a beautiful garden, the University History Museum and the Natural History Museum. The university is considered to be one of the finest in Europe, particularly for its medical sciences.
    On the day I visited students, wearing laurel crowns, were graduating, which gave them the privilege of walking across the green centers of the cloisters.
    Hotels in Pavia offer little that would called deluxe furnishings. The Arnaboldi Palace is the most luxurious, and I found the Hotel Moderno, reclaimed from the old Liberty Building, across from the train station, lived up to its name only in having a good hot shower. (I shall be writing about where to eat in Pavia in another article.)
    The appeal of Pavia extends well beyond its borders. It is but a short drive to the artistic city of Vigevano, which is surrounded by rice farms that produce the celebrated Carnaroli species, developed only in 1945 and called the “king of rice,” that informs much of the cooking of Lombardy.
    Punctuated by a legacy of domination by Francesco Sforza, the walled city of Vigevano, 28 miles from Pavia, is centered by an arched gateway opening onto an exquisitely shaped Piazza Ducale (left), begun in 1492, with a magnificent rectangular setting of arcades painted in red and yellow figures. The rest of the old city is composed of winding streets fit for a leisurely walk, and at the end of the Piazza is the Cathedral, begun in 1532 under Duke Francesco II and completed in 1606 on the plan of a Latin cross. Its artwork has a fine Renaissance pedigree with a majestic green dome, and it is believed Bramante designed the tower in the piazza.
    The Sforza Castle began as a hunting lodge—there is still a falconry on the estate—and within the fortifications of 48 columns is now a fine International Shoe Museum (right) that covers centuries of shoe design and manufacture, including that of the city itself, long renowned for its footwear design. There you can view the shoe patterns for Beatrice d’Este and John Paul II’s red papal pumps.
    The Lombardiana Museum is known for its copies of all of Leonardo da Vinci’s works, including the codices and notebooks.
    Pavia’s most visited attraction, however, is the Certosa, built from 1396 to1495 on a vast scale that was once one of Italy’s largest monasteries (the word certosa means a cloistered monastery run by the Carthusian Order, founded by St. Bruno in 1044). The Certosa is reached by bus and train from Pavia, with a 20-minute walk from their station stops.
    The irony of  the Certosa (below) is in seeing how the modest but beautiful cloister, where an ascetic devotion to a silent religious life was to be preserved, coexists with the grandiosity and excessive decoration of the Certosa as conceived by the Duke of Milan and his architect, Marco Solari, who began with a Gothic style but by the time it was consecrated in 1497 was a showcase for masterful Renaissance architecture. Over the next three centuries the Certosa acquired huge collections of art from every period, including works by Crespi, Guercino, Perugino, Bergonone and many others of lesser reputation set within vast halls and naves covered with paintings, sculptures and carved woodwork. The cloisters themselves are more simply decorated with terracotta decorations and frescoes.
    The Carthusians were eventually booted from the Certosa by the Emperor Joseph II of Austria, who replaced them with Cistercians and, later, Carmelites.  The population of the monastery dwindled in the 19th and 20th centuries, and for a while the monastery was shuttered, but today there are still a few Benedictines who, since the 1960s, live in the small rooms and still collect alms from the tourists.
    When it was at full capacity the Certosa must have buzzed with activity, religious and agricultural. Today the current monks’ spare quarters may be visited, with their revolving, prison-like doors through which their food is delivered. One can only wonder how these monks regard the ostentation of the main building looming over them, which depends on considerable maintenance money that might be put to better use in the service of God. Living in that luxurious shadow must require great strength of character and faith to accept.



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NEW YORK CORNER
By John Mariani
HUTONG

731 Lexington Avenue (entrance at Beacon Court off 58th Street)
212-758-4800


   

    New York’s foodie media largely neglect the restaurants within the warren of streets in Chinatown in favor of holes-in-the-wall elsewhere; rarely do the big, banquet-hall size Chinatown restaurants like Jing Fong, Golden Unicorn and Peking Duck House receive any coverage. But Hutong, way uptown in the vast space that used to be Le Cirque near Bloomingdale’s, has too much of a presence and pedigree to be ignored, and most reports have been very positive.
    The 140-seat space itself, with 83 in the lounge, is a dazzling, shadowy room evoking the Shanghai 1920s Art Deco era of shiny surfaces and a very high ceiling, which I thought would make for a very loud decibel level but somehow, through careful design, it’s not. There is also a good deal of color in the banquettes and a double wall of lighted wine bottles. There is, in fact, so much décor that I thought that Hutong was going to be more spectacle than fine Chinese cuisine, more like Tao or a restaurant out of a Mission Impossible movie designed to be blown into a million pieces in slow motion. It is not.
    Hutong is the first U.S. restaurant from Aqua Restaurant Group, which also operates in Hong Kong (where the original opened in 2003), Beijing and London, so, although it’s posed as a “Northern Chinese” menu by Executive Chef Fei Wang, it’s not specific to any region of China, drawing, instead, from Beijing, Sichuan, Hunan and Shanghai, all with a definite lightening up on the oil and fats you’d find at restaurants in China itself.
    The greeting is warm, the pacing well-co-ordinated, and the menu just long enough to entice, not the screed of hundreds of dishes you find in Chinatown. Expensive exotic cocktails are well promoted, and the wine list is applaudable for this kind of cuisine. Mark-ups on wine bottles are about average for New York. “Signature dishes” are noted on the menu.
    The best approach to the dim sum at Hutong is with a platter of eight pieces ($34), enough to share, with morsels of lobster and squid ink; rosé Champagne chili cod; and spinach. Honey-coated okra lashed with wasabi ($13) is an unusual item that fortunately lacks the slimy aspect poorly cooked okra can have. The crispy vegetarian spring rolls ($14) are stuffed with mushrooms, cabbage and glass noodles and have the right crunch and complexity of fillings. Hot and sour pork Xiao ($12) is spicy but balanced in its flavors; so, too, is branzino in chili broth ($45), whose heat does not overpower the taste of the fish’s flesh.
    Among the main courses, a dish called “Red Lantern” ($48) comes with a waiter’s warning, that it is extremely hot from the chilies used. Take him at his word. Like Nashville’s hot chicken, Red Lantern will test the stiffest upper lip of confirmed chili heads. With mis-placed bravado, I insisted I loved very hot spicing, but ten seconds after the first bite of the dish, composed of deep-fried soft shell crabs on a basket of dried Sichuan chilies, my eyebrows were ascending into my scalp, my eyes bawling and my tongue scorched.  I still recommend the dish for being both out of the ordinary and delectable, but do not pop one of those chilies in your mouth.
        Wok-fried kai-lan broccoli with ginger garlic ($16) is more traditional and quite tasty, and the chef’s fried rice ($12) is a good balm for the heat. The roasted whole Peking duck ($84), which can be ordered as a half, is meant to share, and it comes in two stages: Tableside carving brings the meat and brittle skin to the warmed plate with Chinese pancakes, sliced cucumbers and a sweet Hoisin-based sauce; then you receive lettuce cups into which you scoop minced duck meat, soong style, with sliced green beans, peppers and spices.
    For dessert there is something called bao and soy milk ($17) and some pretty good ice cream ($6).
    So, in addition to its size and flashy splendor, Hutong is serving fine Chinese food in a most hospitable way along with a good focus on wines and spirits. Unlike in Chinatown, where being Chinese really helps to get the best out of the kitchen, Hutong delivers at a high level for everyone.

Hutong is open daily for lunch and dinner.


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NOTES FROM THE WINE CELLAR


RIOJA ALAVESA
By Patricia Savoie

 Michael Rooney and winemaker Luis Guemes of Bodega 202

  I recently spent a week in Spain in the Rioja Denominacion de Origen wine sub-region of Rioja Alavesa as a guest of the Asociación de Bodegas de Rioja Alavesa wine association. While there, I visited a dozen wineries, ate Basque tapas, or pintxos, and visited the local wine museum.
      Rioja has three official sub-regions: Rioja Alta, Rioja Oriental (formerly Rioja Baja) and Rioja Alavesa; the latter is the only one located in Basque country, where grapes have been grown and made into wine since Roman times. Located between the Ebro River and the rugged Sierra Cantabria mountains, Rioja Alavesa is the smallest sub-region with the highest elevation. The Sierra Cantabria and the river create a microclimate that protects the area from the cold, humid wind off the Atlantic and helps regulate temperatures, and the calcarous clay soil contributes to the production of wines with significant aging capability. Vineyards are planted at high altitudes (1,300 to 3,900 feet), where they are exposed to cooler evening temperatures, allowing the grapes to acquire and retain good acid levels and color. An average annual rainfall of only 20 inches makes the vines push deep into the soil seeking water.
      There are now about 300 wineries in Alavesa, most family owned and most fairly small; a vineyard with 100 acres of vines would qualify as very large. Many of the current wineries have vines 40 years old or more, yielding grapes and wines with highly concentrated flavors.
     As in the other two Rioja regions, Tempranillo grape vines dominate, accounting for about 80% of plantings. Garnacha, Mazuelo and Graciano are the other red grapes. Traditionally, Rioja wine has been made by blending the different grape varieties, although now it is also common to find single variety wines. White Rioja wines are made from Viura (Macabeo), Malvasía and White Garnacha.
      The winemakers of Rioja Alavesa have been successful at preserving traditional wine making methods while adopting new technologies. For example, many of the wineries still use the traditional production method of carbonic maceration, during which whole clusters of grapes are placed in tanks filled with carbon dioxide but no yeast. The grapes then release natural enzymes that work to create alcohol. Most red Rioja wine is aged in oak, originally French, but as the cost of these barrels increased many producers began to buy American oak. Both are now used.
  A few years ago the Asociación de Bodegas de Rioja Alavesa began to explore forming a new denomination that would allow Alavesa producers to include information on the label that reflected terroir, lot and winemaking process, meaning the labels would no longer show the Rioja designation. The discussion is ongoing, but a change of labeling requirements has been approved, so wineries can now write "Rioja Alavesa" on the front label.
  The 12th century town of Laguardia (above) is the center of Rioja Alavesa. It has a number of good restaurants and pintxos bars. The charming restaurant on the town square, Hospederia los Parajes, has local Basque dishes and an excellent wine list and cellar. We stayed at the Hotel Villa De Laguardia, just outside the town walls. It has comfortable rooms, bar and restaurant. Excellent, robust lunches are served at many of the wineries, including local specialties such as Jamon Iberico (cured ham), suckling lamb, potato soup, ham and potato croquettes and different varieties of peppers, including the local piquillo.
  The Villa Lucia Wine Theme Museum in Laguardia is a must, showing the local history of winemaking in a very interactive way. In addition, its amazing, award-winning 4D experience "In Dreamland" is a 3D film with sensory effects, such as moisture falling when a glass of wine is overturned.
      Here are some of the excellent wineries I visited, most small and family owned.

Bodegas Casa Primicia

  At Casa Primicia, which is in the heart of the town of Laguardia in one of the oldest buildings in the town, Iker Madrid is the winemaker and is using carbonic maceration to produce several organic wines. Their line of Julian Madrid wines includes an 80/20% Tempranillo and a 100% Garnacha. The Cofradia label of 100% Tempranillo comes from vines more then 80 years old. 

 Familia Valdelana Viños de Rioja

  The Valdelana family has been making wine here for fourteen generations. Pedro Valdelana, the first vine grower in the family, was born in 1615, and laid the foundations of the winery; Juan Jesus Valdelana is the current overseer of the newest winery, established in 1980. His daughter, Judit, is making some lovely white wines, including a 100% Malvasia. Their Baron Ladron de Guevara and the Agnus Reserva Tempranillos are carefully made and excellent. The family is graced with one of the oldest plots of Tempranillo, with vines 100 years old or more, which makes them pre-phylloxera. This plot produces the Centum Vitis, a dense rich wine. The tasting room includes a wine museum. 

 Bodega 202

  This is a new winery, established in 2014 by Francis Rooney, a U.S. Representative from Florida's 19th Congressional District, and his wife, Kathleen.  Working with winemaker Luis Guemes and his wife, Marta Ortiz Arce, who is Commercial Director, the Rooneys purchased several acres of vineyards throughout the region, including some older ones, and a winery was constructed.  Their Ansa label includes a Tempranillo from vines 70 to 100 years old. It shows a dark berry nose and lovely fruit notes. 

 Dominio de Berzal

  After growing and selling grapes for many years, the Berzal family, now three brothers, began creating its own bottlings and built a winery in 1999. Inigo Berzal is making both white and red wines. In addition to different Tempranillo blends, he makes a 100% Graciano Dominio de Berzal. He also does a seven-grape variety blend that is full of fruit. 

 Bodegas Estraunza

  A second-generation family winery started in 1990, where Inigo Medrano is winemaker, the Bodegas produces white, rosé and reds, all of which are Tempranillo blends. They are one of the wineries in the area that produce a Gran Reserva, which ages 24 months in oak, then 36 months in their cellars. The current release, 2007, has strong cherry and vanilla notes. Their Reserva spends 24 months in oak and over 18 months in the cellars. 

 Bodegas Zugober Belezos

  This small family winery was founded in 1940. Fourth generation Manuel Gomez Bernardo makes an impressive 100% Viura white and several Tempranillo blends. The Belezos Ecologico is an organic 100% Tempranillo that shows fresh fruit and good balancing acidity. The Belezos Sierra Carbon comes from 50-year-old vines and has distinct mineral notes.


                                                                           


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FOOD WRITING 101: AVOID MENTIONING YOUR
KIDNEY  STONES IN YOUR OPENING PARAGRAPH. ACTUALLY NEVER MENTION YOUR KIDNEY STONES.

"My top meal of the year occurred at my lowest point of 2019. On May 3, I woke up with a twinge in my back. Two hours later I was bent over at NYU’s emergency room, crippled by a kidney stone burrowing its way through my tender insides. Doctors administered ample morphine (thank you!) while my father left work to look over me. The interminable day of testing and recovery exhausted us, so afterwards we did what seemed logical. We went to Kāwi to eat raw clams."—Ryan Sutton. "Best New Restaurants of 2019," Eater.com (12/11/19)

 



COULD YOU ALSO CHANGE THE
PRICE YOU CHARGE FOR IT?

“I could look at you in your eyes and change the taste of that wine.”--London Chef/Restaurateur Heston Blumenthal, Esquire UK.











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Any of John Mariani's books below may be ordered from amazon.com.



   The Hound in Heaven (21st Century Lion Books) is a  novella, and for anyone who loves dogs, Christmas, romance, inspiration, even the supernatural, I hope you'll find this to be a treasured  favorite. The  story concerns how, after a New England teacher, his wife and their two daughters adopt a stray puppy found in their barn in northern Maine, their lives seem full of promise. But when tragedy strikes, their wonderful dog Lazarus and the spirit of Christmas are the only things that may bring his master back from the edge of despair. 

WATCH THE VIDEO!

“What a huge surprise turn this story took! I was completely stunned! I truly enjoyed this book and its message.” – Actress Ali MacGraw

“He had me at Page One. The amount of heart, human insight, soul searching, and deft literary strength that John Mariani pours into this airtight novella is vertigo-inducing. Perhaps ‘wow’ would be the best comment.” – James Dalessandro, author of Bohemian Heart and 1906.


“John Mariani’s Hound in Heaven starts with a well-painted portrayal of an American family, along with the requisite dog. A surprise event flips the action of the novel and captures us for a voyage leading to a hopeful and heart-warming message. A page turning, one sitting read, it’s the perfect antidote for the winter and promotion of holiday celebration.” – Ann Pearlman, author of The Christmas Cookie Club and A Gift for my Sister.

“John Mariani’s concise, achingly beautiful novella pulls a literary rabbit out of a hat – a mash-up of the cosmic and the intimate, the tragic and the heart-warming – a Christmas tale for all ages, and all faiths. Read it to your children, read it to yourself… but read it. Early and often. Highly recommended.” – Jay Bonansinga, New York Times bestselling author of Pinkerton’s War, The Sinking of The Eastland, and The Walking Dead: The Road To Woodbury.

“Amazing things happen when you open your heart to an animal. The Hound in Heaven delivers a powerful story of healing that is forged in the spiritual relationship between a man and his best friend. The book brings a message of hope that can enrich our images of family, love, and loss.” – Dr. Barbara Royal, author of The Royal Treatment.




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The Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink by John F. Mariani (Bloomsbury USA, $35)

Modesty forbids me to praise my own new book, but let me proudly say that it is an extensive revision of the 4th edition that appeared more than a decade ago, before locavores, molecular cuisine, modernist cuisine, the Food Network and so much more, now included. Word origins have been completely updated, as have per capita consumption and production stats. Most important, for the first time since publication in the 1980s, the book includes more than 100 biographies of Americans who have changed the way we cook, eat and drink -- from Fannie Farmer and Julia Child to Robert Mondavi and Thomas Keller.


"This book is amazing! It has entries for everything from `abalone' to `zwieback,' plus more than 500 recipes for classic American dishes and drinks."--Devra First, The Boston Globe.

"Much needed in any kitchen library."--Bon Appetit.




Now in Paperback, too--How Italian Food Conquered the World (Palgrave Macmillan)  has won top prize  from the Gourmand World Cookbook Awards.  It is a rollicking history of the food culture of Italy and its ravenous embrace in the 21st century by the entire world. From ancient Rome to la dolce vita of post-war Italy, from Italian immigrant cooks to celebrity chefs, from pizzerias to high-class ristoranti, this chronicle of a culinary diaspora is as much about the world's changing tastes, prejudices,  and dietary fads as about our obsessions with culinary fashion and style.--John Mariani

"Eating Italian will never be the same after reading John Mariani's entertaining and savory gastronomical history of the cuisine of Italy and how it won over appetites worldwide. . . . This book is such a tasteful narrative that it will literally make you hungry for Italian food and arouse your appetite for gastronomical history."--Don Oldenburg, USA Today. 

"Italian restaurants--some good, some glitzy--far outnumber their French rivals.  Many of these establishments are zestfully described in How Italian Food Conquered the World, an entertaining and fact-filled chronicle by food-and-wine correspondent John F. Mariani."--Aram Bakshian Jr., Wall Street Journal.


"Mariani admirably dishes out the story of Italy’s remarkable global ascent to virtual culinary hegemony....Like a chef gladly divulging a cherished family recipe, Mariani’s book reveals the secret sauce about how Italy’s cuisine put gusto in gusto!"--David Lincoln Ross, thedailybeast.com

"Equal parts history, sociology, gastronomy, and just plain fun, How Italian Food Conquered the World tells the captivating and delicious story of the (let's face it) everybody's favorite cuisine with clarity, verve and more than one surprise."--Colman Andrews, editorial director of The Daily Meal.com.

"A fantastic and fascinating read, covering everything from the influence of Venice's spice trade to the impact of Italian immigrants in America and the evolution of alta cucina. This book will serve as a terrific resource to anyone interested in the real story of Italian food."--Mary Ann Esposito, host of PBS-TV's Ciao Italia.

"John Mariani has written the definitive history of how Italians won their way into our hearts, minds, and stomachs.  It's a story of pleasure over pomp and taste over technique."--Danny Meyer, owner of NYC restaurants Union Square Cafe,  The Modern, and Maialino.

                                                                             





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FEATURED LINKS: I am happy to  report that the Virtual Gourmet is  linked to four excellent travel sites:

Everett Potter's Travel  Report

I consider this the best and savviest blog of its kind on the  web. Potter is a columnist for USA Weekend, Diversion, Laptop and Luxury  Spa Finder, a contributing editor for Ski and  a frequent contributor to National  Geographic Traveler, ForbesTraveler.com  and Elle Decor. "I’ve designed this site is for people who take their  travel seriously," says Potter. "For travelers who want to learn about special  places but don’t necessarily want to pay through the nose for the privilege of  staying there. Because at the end of the day, it’s not so much about five-star  places as five-star experiences."  THIS WEEK:






Eating Las Vegas JOHN CURTAS has been covering the Las Vegas food and restaurant scene since 1995. He is the co-author of EATING LAS VEGAS – The 50 Essential Restaurants (as well as the author of the Eating Las Vegas web site: www.eatinglasvegas. He can also be seen every Friday morning as the “resident foodie” for Wake Up With the Wagners on KSNV TV (NBC) Channel 3  in Las Vegas.



              



MARIANI'S VIRTUAL GOURMET NEWSLETTER is published weekly.  Publisher: John Mariani. Editor: Walter Bagley. Contributing Writers: Christopher Mariani, Robert Mariani,  Misha Mariani, John A. Curtas, Gerry Dawes, Geoff Kalish, and Brian Freedman. Contributing Photographer: Galina Dargery. Technical Advisor: Gerry McLoughlin.

 

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